The reference manual of woody plant propagation is an excellent reference guide to have on your shelf if you want to see a summation of the literature on how to start fig cuttings or oak seeds or whatever. Micropropagationomicsgroupjournal of biotechnology and. Smith, carothers, the effect of in vitro and ex vitro root initiation on subsequent microcutting root quality in three woody plants. Some plants can be propagated by more than one type of cutting and. Instructions for preparing the field guide for the identification and use of common riparian woody plants of the intermountain west and pacific northwest regions as a booklet. Woody plants having improved growth characteristics and method for making the same download pdf info publication number wo2008069747a2. Plants raised through micropropagation are of uniform quality, pathogen free, can be produced much more rapidly as new cultivars could become commercially available within 2 to 3 years from development rather than 5 to 10 years needed using conventional propagation, produce uniformly superior seeds, show improved vigor and quality. Axillary bud proliferation typically results in an average tenfold increase in shoot number per monthly culture passage. Stage ii when stage i is complete, plantlets are recultured to a new stage ii medium for multiplication of shoots. Improved aseptic germination and controlled growth for micropropagation of douglas fir 367 l. Optimized micropropagation medium integrated with controlled. Multiplication of genetically identical copies of a cultivar by asexual reproduction is called clonal propagation. The explants were trimmed further into smaller pieces 1 cm and then immersed in tap water with 23 drops of teepol sigma for 510 min before. An aspect of the invention provides a method of producing a transgenic plant having an increased growth compared to its wild type.
Sep 10, 2014 rather than getting 0 plants per year from an initial cutting, one can obtain upwards of 1,000,000 plants per year from one initial explant. In the present work, several non woody plants were used as a raw material from which mfc was extracted and characterized. Using micropropagation, millions of new plants can be derived from a single plant. The key technology for biomass production of woody species is propagation via micropropagation. Initiation explant placed onto the growth medium using aseptic techniques disinfection, screening. For example, to plant one hectare of cassava, using 10,000 plants, the greenhouse or screenhouse space needed initially is an area of 25 to 34 m2. Read this article to learn about the techniques, factors, applications and disadvantages of micro propagation process and also about production of diseasefree plants and its merits and demerits. This sort of rejuvenation can influence other aspects of plant. Greenhouse plants are grown for one full crop season, to determine if nutrients carried forward in microrhizomes affected crop growth ex vitro. I recommend reading the first 90 pages as soon as you get it, since those really give you an idea of the variables that can affect success. Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce many progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods.
Micropropagation is the art and science of plant multiplication in vitro. These include cellular contro of morphogenesis, light regimes in tissue culture, maturation and rejuvenation, synthetic seed, genetics of micropropagated plants, haploid embryogenesis, protoplast culture, and acclimatization. Wo2008069747a2 woody plants having improved growth. Coordinated effort has been made up to date to conserve and protect the genetic resources of ornamental plants. Thin cell layer tcl morphogenesis as a powerful tool in woody plant and fruit crop micropropagation and biotechnology, floral genetics and genetic transformation. It is also used to provide a sufficient number of plantlets for planting from a stock plant.
If this protocorm was cut into sections before it produced a. In the present work, several nonwoody plants were used as a raw material from which mfc was extracted and characterized. Rapid propagation in 1960 morel demonstrated that shoot apex culture was a potential method for the rapid propagation of orchids. Plants are grown for 180 days in vitro and then brought to greenhouse. It is done under sterile conditions in a laboratory using plant seed or tissue. A practical guide to woody plant micropropagation john w einset the spinoff from basic research on the physiology of plants, plant micropropagation is a simple, straightforwardand commercially profitabletechnique although its commercial use as a method for multiplying plants is still fairly new, tissueculture propagation micropropagation has. Chapter2 micropropagation and large scale culture of c. Micropropagation protocols for cloning of mature trees of balanites aegyptiaca, the hingota balanitaceae. Micropropagation also can be used to establish and maintain virusfree plant stock.
Recent development of in vitro culture techniques has made it possible to commercially propagate useful trees, both forest and fruit trees. A lot of research efforts are being made to develop and refine micropropagation methods and culture media for largescale plant multiplication of several number of. Micropropagation of woody trees and fruits springerlink. Micropropagation of adhatoda vasica neesa woody medicinal.
Micropropagation enables growers to increase the production of plants that normally propagate very slowly such as narcissus and other bulbous crops. Pdf micropropagation of woody plants narpat shekhawat. Plants are the backbone of all life on earth providing us with food and oxygen. Under the common name of ipeking willow i, salix matsudana is native to northeastern china, and widely cultivated in several provinces in china wu et al. Rather than getting 0 plants per year from an initial cutting, one can obtain upwards of 1,000,000 plants per year from one initial explant. Citrus limon, the nimbu rutaceae and syzygium cuminii, the jamun myrtaceae have been developed. Nov 24, 2012 a micropropagation protocol was developed for multiplication of seedless lemon citrus limon l. Many ornamental plants and woody species are propagated commercially by shoot tip and axillary bud proliferation. To multiply plants whose multiplication rate is very low.
Plants of adhatoda vasica nees were collected from the campus of tezpur university, assam, india. In 1988 western europe had 248 commercial tissue culture laboratories with a total production of 212. Unit ii biotechnology and plants lesson 7 plant tissue culture 171 the plant tissues and tiny plants that progress through this process are called plantlets. The present invention pertains to a novel and extensive analytical platform for selecting genes with a possible commercial phenotype from a large group of candidate genes identified using tools in bioinformatics, data from est sequencing and dna array. Plant propagation laboratory introduction and exercise module 3 1 propagation of woody plants a. The in vivo clonal propagation is often difficult, expensive and even unsuccessful. From a single shoot tip it was possible to induce the development of a protocorm. Nonwoody plants as raw materials for production of. Acclimatization of plants transferred to soil micropropagation successful plant transfer from culture to soil show high survival rate and cost involved in the process is low. Using the appropriate growing conditions for each explant type, plants can be induced to rapidly produce new shoots, and, with the addition of suitable hormones, new roots. Transplanted plantlets shoot immediately irrigated with inorganic nutrient solution and maintained under high humidity for initial 1015 days.
Shoot culture 9most widely used method for commercial micropropagation 9relatively high genetic stability in the plants produced shoot culture advantages 9reliable rates and consistency of shoot multiplication 93 8 fold multiplication rate per month 9preexisting meristems are least susceptible to genetic changes micropropagation stages stage 0. Dirr has introduced over 200 woody plants to cultivation and holds 29 patents with the uga research foundation. The process includes many stepsstock plant care, explant selection and sterilization, media manipulation to obtain proliferation, rooting, acclimation, and growing on of liners. This version of the guide has been formatted to be printed doublesided, then cutting the entire stack of papers down the middle so you. These plantlets can also be divided, usually at the shoot stage, to produce large numbers of new plantlets. Beneficial influences of arbuscular mycorrhizal am fungi on the micropropagation of woody and fruit trees j. One exception is the genebank of the ornamental plant germplasm center in usa. Micropropagation powerpoint slide set with photos note. Types of woody stem cuttings many woody plants can be propagated by hardwood, semihardwood or softwood stem cuttings. Liquid overlay method woody plant microcuttings are grown on agar medium by conventional methods. Field guide for the identification and use of common. Photoautotrophic micropropagation of woody and tropicai plants.
Effects of light quality on micropropagation of woody species. Ba was recorded to be better than kinetin in terms of number of days taken to bud break. Special attention has been paid to the netherlands which has 76 commercial laboratories and had a. This rapid multiplication allows breeders and growers to introduce new cultivars much earlier than they could by using conventional propagation techniques, such as cuttings. Micropropagation of orchids micropropagation is the process used to replicate plants such as orchids, the word micropropagation means simply propagation in miniature. Plant propagation laboratory introduction and exercise. Molecular dna marker analysis to assess the genetic fidelity of micropropagated woody plants micropropagation of woody trees and fruits. Micropropagation enhances in vitro establishment and. Unit ii biotechnology and plants plant tissue culture 7. Application of tissue culture techniques for genetic up gradation of economically important plants has been reported. Propagation of woody plants is often difficult by conventional means, however, micropropagation has solved in part this problem, since plants can acquire higher rooting capabilities after continuous subculturing in vitro hammat and grant, 1993. Family bixaceae is a small tree widely cultivated in tropical and sub tropical regions of the world for the extraction of annatto dye from the seeds. Protocols for micropropagation of woody trees and fruits.
Plant cells for micropropagation may be newly transformed as a result of genetic engineering, or they might be cells taken from plant tissue. Special attention has been paid to the netherlands which has 76 commercial laboratories and had a production of 80 million plants in 1989. Effects of light quality on micropropagation of woody species propagation and dna markers characterization of populus tremula l. Details of the excursion, seed material collected and its horticultural consequences are to be found in koponen and koponen 1994, 1995, 1997 and koponen 1998. Most species micropropagated were ornamental plants 157 million. Micropropagation is an advanced vegetative propagation technology for producing a large number of genetically superior and pathogenfree transplants in a limited time and space. Plants can be propagated by sexual through generation of seeds or asexual through multiplication of vegetative parts means. A micropropagation protocol was developed for multiplication of seedless lemon citrus limon l. With orchids it is the only way to reproduce the plants as. Micropropagation is the growing of plants from meristematic tissue or somatic cells of superior plants on nutrient suitable media under controlled aseptic physical conditions. The state of the art a practical guide to woody plant micropropagation john w einset the spinoff from basic research on the physiology of plants, plant micropropagation is a simple, straightforwardand commercially profitable technique although its commercial use as a method for multiplying plants is still fairly new, tissue culture propagation micropropagation has.
Within a production period less than 4 months, a commercial laboratory can obtain. With two partners, he established plant introductions, inc. Two months later, these 10,000 plants will need an area of 50 to 68 m2. Sterilisation of plants and choosing plants that have specific characters based on genotype, psychological condoning, season stage 1. Plant tissue culture offers new ways for the improvement of this crop after many years of recalcitrance.
Micropropagation of several japanese woody plants for. Practical guide woody micropropagation arnold arboretum. The joint faowho expert committee on food additives jecfa raised the acceptable daily intake adi for bixin to. Recent studies2 4 revealed that most chlorophyllous plants in vitro have the ability to grow photoautotrophically, and that the low co 2 concentration in the airtight. It has some less hardy classics, like albizia julibrissin, but mainly, it covers hardy species. Plant cell, tissue and organ culture, 23 1990 115123. Unit ii biotechnology and plants lesson 7 plant tissue culture 169 cells and tissue the starting point for micropropagation can be individual cells or small amounts of plant tissue. Actually, compared to wood, non woody plants have generally lower lignin contents marques et al.
The maximum shoot regeneration was observed on low level of bap 0. Actually, compared to wood, nonwoody plants have generally lower lignin contents marques et al. Salix matsudana is a member of the salicaceae or the willow family, and the genus salix consists of around 300 species all over the world zomleter, 1994. Guide to woody plants of nebraska justin evertson, nebraska statewide arboretum kim todd, unl horticulture david mooter, nebraska forest service kate schumacher, nebraska statewide arboretum species diversity is the cornerstone of a healthy community forest.
Some of ornamental plants are in danger of becoming extinct and efforts are being made for conservation of them. Pathogen elimination and contamination management a. Micropropagation offers the potential to produce thousands or even millions of plants per annum. Definition of micropropagation clonal propagation in vitro micro propagation is the production of whole plant from small section of plant such as a stem tip, node, meristem, embryo, or even a seed.
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